application of hydrogen bonding

Hydrogen bonds occur in inorganic molecules, such as water, and organic molecules, such as DNA and proteins. A hydrogen bond is an intermolecular attractive force in which a hydrogen atom that is covalently bonded to a small, highly electronegative atom is attracted to a lone pair of electrons on an atom in a neighboring molecule. The oxygen in the single bond is bonded to a hydrogen atom. In relevant applications, there is a slowly shift towards on-site production to replace delivered compressed or liquefied hydrogen that is hugely based towards the lower cost of new on-site hydrogen procession technologies when compared to transferring hydrogen. The strength of a typical hydrogen bond is about 5% of that of a covalent bond. For example, DNA strands are held together by hydrogen bonds. Discover how bond polarity and hydrogen bonding create surface tension in water and how water strider insects were used as a model for the design of tiny robots … Hydrogen bonding accounts for several properties of carboxylic acids. The hydrogen bond is often described as a strong electrostatic dipole–dipole interaction. The hydrogen-bonding energy functions will be described and their application will be demonstrated on molecules of pharmacological interest where hydrogen-bonds … Applications for Hydrogen Bonds. Hydrogen bonding has many important applications in biology. The two complementary strands of DNA are held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary nucleotides (A&T, C&G). The mobility of the hydrogen-bonding hydrogens is considered analytically in calculating the hydrogen-bond energy. Hydrogen bonding in water results in the crystal structure of ice, making it less dense than water and able to float. ammonia (NH 3): Hydrogen bonds form between hydrogen of one molecule and nitrogen of another. chloroform (CHCl 3): Hydrogen bonding occurs between hydrogen of one molecule and carbon of another molecule. Hydrogen bonding refers to the formation of Hydrogen bonds, which are a special class of attractive intermolecular forces that arise due to the dipole-dipole interaction between a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom and another highly electronegative atom which lies in the vicinity of the hydrogen atom. Hydrogen bonds are very strong compared to other dipole interactions. This is illustrated by the gradation in color in the schematic diagram here. A hydrogen bond is the attraction between the lone pair of an electronegative atom and a hydrogen atom that is bonded to an electronegative atom, usually nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine. 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